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Transcript: Drug Addiction

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00:01:08 #1 to a living nightmare.

00:01:10 #2 Addiction to drugs, too often acquired with tragic carelessness,

00:01:15 #3 may take control of a life and force actions not dreamed of before.

00:01:24 #4 Light's only work is to find money for drugs.

00:01:28 #5 In their desperation, no means is to follow.

00:01:31 #6 Their only goal in life is to keep the deadening chemicals

00:01:36 #7 forever in their hearts blood.

00:01:46 #8 The cause of this living dead is a white powder, innocent looking, but deadly.

00:01:55 #9 Once this was a poppy growing in Italy or Turkey or some other hot land.

00:02:02 #10 The dry juice of this plant produces opium, a powerful drug.

00:02:08 #11 Contained in opium is morphine, used by doctors to relieve severe pain.

00:02:17 #12 Our morphine comes heroin, outlawed even medically from the United States.

00:02:23 #13 These and other derivatives form the group of drugs called opiates.

00:02:28 #14 Opiates are classed as depressants.

00:02:33 #15 An overdose causes unconsciousness, then death.

00:02:38 #16 A smaller dose, taken into the bloodstream inhibits all the functions of the body

00:02:43 #17 by its action on the brain and the central nervous system.

00:02:47 #18 The body gradually builds up a tolerance to the drug.

00:02:51 #19 More and more is needed to produce the same effects.

00:02:55 #20 After continued use, the body acquires a physical dependence on opiates, so that withdrawal

00:03:01 #21 of the drug causes a brief but violent illness until the body can make a readjustment.

00:03:09 #22 Another depressant is marijuana, derived from the hemp plant.

00:03:14 #23 This inhibits and distorts the action of the brain and nervous system in a manner somewhat different from opiates.

00:03:21 #24 A third drug, cocaine, is derived from the leaves of the cocoa plant.

00:03:27 #25 Its action is different from that of the depressants.

00:03:30 #26 When cocaine enters the body, it has a strong effect on body functions by acting as an int on the brain.

00:03:39 #27 Cocaine causes unusual and often unpredictable feelings and actions.

00:03:45 #28 Instead of physical dependence, marijuana and cocaine cause profound mental and emotional disturbances.

00:03:54 #29 A large overdose of cocaine causes convulsions, then death.

00:04:02 #30 Government agencies charged with the enforcement of narcotics laws

00:04:09 #31 have been able until recently to decrease steadily the number of addicts in the United States.

00:04:15 #32 These addicts have included persons in every walk of life.

00:04:19 #33 Some are petty criminals who will remain drug addicts all their lives.

00:04:24 #34 Many addicts come from teeming slum areas where human misery runs high.

00:04:29 #35 But the grim specters of heroin, marijuana and cocaine are not confined to any area or to any group.

00:04:37 #36 Wherever there is a troubled personality, no matter how hidden or unrecognized,

00:04:42 #37 there may be a seatbed for drug eviction.

00:04:46 #38 So unpredictable is this habit that occasionally even one who knows the dangers may become addicted before he realizes it.

00:04:53 #39 Sometimes the addict may come from a wealthy family, where drugs respect neither riches nor poverty.

00:05:04 #40 Such a victim doesn't have to steal to support his expensive habit, but the degrading effects are the same.

00:05:12 #41 In recent years, there has been a shocking increase in drug addiction among young people, often in their teens,

00:05:20 #42 who take up the habit without the slightest understanding of the living nightmare they are so unthinkingly walking into.

00:05:27 #43 To get the illegal drugs, they are forced to deal with criminals, who prey on those least able to defend themselves.

00:05:35 #44 themselves and to find money for their expensive habit they often turn to crime

00:05:41 #45 themselves. Here is what I found this envelope with six caps in it. Here's a

00:06:30 #46 chemical lab report on it. It's heroin. What do you have to say, Demolon? Let's

00:06:37 #47 see your arms. How long have you been taking heroin? Speak up.

00:06:50 #48 About two years I guess. What about before then? I smoked marijuana for a while.

00:06:56 #49 How long?

00:06:58 #50 Four or five months, I guess.

00:07:00 #51 How did you get started on this?

00:07:02 #52 Well, I don't know.

00:07:04 #53 A friend of mine, he started me.

00:07:07 #54 Started by a friend.

00:07:09 #55 An off-told story.

00:07:11 #56 For drug addiction is contagious.

00:07:13 #57 One addict can make five.

00:07:16 #58 Five can make twenty-five.

00:07:18 #59 Marty's story is like many of the others.

00:07:21 #60 It started two years ago with marijuana cigarettes.

00:07:24 #61 cigarettes come on it's my turn next you do what you get I know a guy three for a

00:07:32 #62 buck let me try she I feel awful funny me too I feel kind of sick come on Marty

00:07:45 #63 pass it on Marty got kind of sick too but he wouldn't let on he was determined to be

00:07:53 #64 one of the gang if it killed him. And it almost did. Several weeks later, after smoking reefers,

00:08:01 #65 Marty's befogged brain hit on a clever way to open pop bottles. Later, Stan went to the

00:08:12 #66 hospital for swallowing broken glass. Marty badly cut the inside of his mouth, though

00:08:18 #67 he didn't even know it at the time. Duke was the one who got Marty on the habit. It

00:08:26 #68 was just a business matter to do but money didn't find it out to later and money.

00:08:33 #69 Okay. What's that.

00:08:37 #70 H what's a lot.

00:08:41 #71 It's heroin.

00:08:43 #72 But they can be sick like the reefers did and go on and try it.

00:08:48 #73 I dare you how much is it cost this one ain't gonna cost you nothing it's free.

00:08:52 #74 Go on.

00:08:54 #75 I dare you.

00:08:56 #76 In his ignorance, Marty took that dare, little knowing the eventual horror that lay in the deadly white powder.

00:09:03 #77 Those first capsules were free.

00:09:06 #78 But when Marty started asking for them, the price came high.

00:09:10 #79 A dollar and a half a piece.

00:09:13 #80 That's right, kid. 15 bucks.

00:09:15 #81 You sort of hold me for a while. I hooked my camera to get this, though.

00:09:19 #82 Where's my cutter?

00:09:22 #83 You don't get one.

00:09:23 #84 This kid's hooked.

00:09:24 #85 Go get some new kids if you want a cut.

00:09:26 #86 He's still snorting it.

00:09:27 #87 So what? Snorting or mainlining?

00:09:29 #88 What's the difference?

00:09:30 #89 He's hooked.

00:09:31 #90 Look, look, I've got to have my cutter.

00:09:33 #91 It's costing me more than ever now that I'm on speedballs.

00:09:36 #92 The cocaine comes high.

00:09:37 #93 That's your problem, kid.

00:09:40 #94 So you're snorting it, huh?

00:09:41 #95 Yeah.

00:09:42 #96 Well, don't be a sucker.

00:09:44 #97 You're wasting it that way.

00:09:45 #98 Use your needle.

00:09:46 #99 Is that what you do, Louie?

00:09:47 #100 Listen, kid, I ain't honest up.

00:09:49 #101 Don't ever think I am.

00:09:51 #102 Yeah sure.

00:09:52 #103 Like I'm doing it.

00:09:53 #104 See?

00:09:54 #105 It's made light in it.

00:09:55 #106 Don't it hurt?

00:09:56 #107 Yeah sure, some.

00:09:58 #108 I guess that vein will give out someday.

00:10:00 #109 But the stuff costs too much to waste it.

00:10:03 #110 That's right kid.

00:10:04 #111 You ought to go on the needle.

00:10:05 #112 Nah, I don't want to punch myself full of holes like that.

00:10:11 #113 But he did use the needle, despite his fear of it.

00:10:15 #114 At first he shot the drug under his skin, then directly into the vein.

00:10:20 #115 As his body gradually built up a tolerance, he needed more and more of the drug.

00:10:25 #116 There was no pleasure in it for Marty.

00:10:28 #117 It was a bodily demand.

00:10:30 #118 He was using four or five caps a day now.

00:10:33 #119 They cost him seven and a half dollars, fifty-two fifty a week.

00:10:37 #120 It was more than his salary at the store could pay for, but he was wrong.

00:10:50 #121 Barstyn didn't prosecute, but Marty no longer had a job.

00:10:56 #122 were becoming Marty's whole life. He was abnormally sleepy, losing weight, cross, irritable, fearful

00:11:04 #123 that the puncture marks on his arms would be discovered. His former friends now let him

00:11:09 #124 strictly alone. But with a false sense of loyalty, they didn't report him to the authorities.

00:11:16 #125 They would have done him a favor if they had. The only associates left from Marty were other

00:11:22 #126 drug addicts like Duke. It didn't matter. Nothing mattered but the ever-present craving

00:11:28 #127 for the drugs. He had given up interest in everything else. Marty's family saw all of

00:11:36 #128 these symptoms and others too, but didn't understand them. Often in the morning his

00:11:41 #129 pillow would be wet from perspiration. His mother knew something was wrong.

00:11:47 #130 something. Marty, have you seen the pinking shears I bought last week? Can't seem to find them anywhere.

00:11:56 #131 How should I know, ma? Marty, you don't seem right, son. I'm worried about you. I'm alright, ma. Just leave me alone.

00:12:05 #132 There's something wrong. I'm going to take you down to Dr. Bleaker this afternoon for a check-up. No. No, I'm alright.

00:12:13 #133 Well, you don't act like it, son.

00:12:16 #134 I don't know what it could be.

00:12:18 #135 Ever since you lost that job at Mr. Boston.

00:12:22 #136 I don't know.

00:12:24 #137 I'm all right, Mom. I'll snap out of it.

00:12:27 #138 I hope so. You've lost weight.

00:12:30 #139 You don't have dates.

00:12:32 #140 You don't go out with the fellas anymore like you used to.

00:12:35 #141 There's something wrong. I know there must be.

00:12:39 #142 Well, boys go through all kinds of stages.

00:12:43 #143 Dr. Bleecker can tell us if there's anything wrong.

00:12:47 #144 I hope it isn't anything serious.

00:12:50 #145 Marty! Marty!

00:12:54 #146 Marty was hooked, physically dependent on heroin.

00:12:59 #147 When he was without a powder too long, his whole body revolted in dreadful protest.

00:13:04 #148 Sweat poured from him.

00:13:06 #149 from it. He got the shakes. He had cold chills. His nose ran and his eyes ran. He was doubled

00:13:14 #150 up by piercing cramps plagued by sudden attacks of vomiting and of diarrhea. Nothing could

00:13:21 #151 stop these attacks but more of the white drug in his veins.

00:13:25 #152 Alright Ken.

00:13:26 #153 Peter, I don't want you hanging around here.

00:13:29 #154 Okay, okay, give me a chance.

00:13:31 #155 He's having a tough time.

00:13:32 #156 None of your business.

00:13:33 #157 Okay.

00:13:34 #158 That's the way you feel about it.

00:13:37 #159 I was just trying to help you out.

00:13:39 #160 That's all.

00:13:40 #161 Yeah.

00:13:41 #162 You wouldn't help your mother out of a rat hole.

00:13:44 #163 How would you like to make a fast cup of a box?

00:13:48 #164 To a what?

00:13:49 #165 Oh, it's easy.

00:13:50 #166 Nothing to it.

00:13:52 #167 I could use some new customers.

00:13:53 #168 Customers?

00:13:55 #169 You mean suckers.

00:13:56 #170 I'll give you the same kind I gave Duke.

00:13:58 #171 What happened to him?

00:13:59 #172 Oh, he's brought in everybody he knows.

00:14:01 #173 I got a branch out.

00:14:03 #174 Well, I could use the door at that.

00:14:06 #175 Fine. Shot him out on reefers.

00:14:09 #176 It's easier that way.

00:14:10 #177 And it's cheaper.

00:14:11 #178 Yeah, that's the way I started.

00:14:13 #179 You got him?

00:14:14 #180 Sure.

00:14:15 #181 For you, two bits a piece.

00:14:17 #182 Well, give me two for now.

00:14:19 #183 That's all the dough I got, right now.

00:14:22 #184 So Marty went out to spread his contagion.

00:14:26 #185 And Louie?

00:14:27 #186 Well, it was just business to him.

00:14:30 #187 The capsules of heroin, so necessary to Marty,

00:14:33 #188 were only so much stock to Louie.

00:14:35 #189 That stock had reached him through a series of well-organized underworld transactions.

00:14:42 #190 Some months back, smuggled ashore in a box of fresh-caught fish were a number of small tubes of pure heroin,

00:14:49 #191 a kilogram in all, a little more than two pounds.

00:14:53 #192 Originally bought for $1,000, it was resold after being smuggled into this country for $7,000.

00:15:00 #193 It was mixed with a similar looking white powder, milk sugar, and sold again for $30,000.

00:15:07 #194 These were big business transactions possible only by organized criminal syndicates.

00:15:13 #195 Many believe such syndicates in a cold blooded scheme to create a market for their drugs

00:15:18 #196 are directly responsible for the sudden growth of drug addiction among young people.

00:15:23 #197 By the time Louis Legte got it, the heroin had been cut many times,

00:15:29 #198 many times, passed through many hands. He cut it again and put it up in capsules.

00:15:35 #199 There was less than 3% heroin in those capsules. The underworld made more than a quarter of

00:15:42 #200 a million dollars on the original $1,000 investment. Big stakes. Worth taking a few

00:15:48 #201 chances for, especially when pusher Louis would take the rap. But even Louis wasn't

00:15:54 #202 taking much of a chance. He had junkies, dope addicts working for him, like Marty

00:15:59 #203 Demolile. Marty had to keep going somehow to bring in the daily flow of money

00:16:04 #204 necessary to keep his habits supplied with drugs. When there were no new customers

00:16:12 #205 for Louis, Marty worked at any job he could find. But the jobs didn't blast long.

00:16:20 #206 Often he had to turn to petty thieving and shoplifting to get the money he

00:16:24 #207 so desperately needed. Before long, he became fairly well known to the police.

00:16:31 #208 Mrs. Demelon, do you have anything to say?

00:16:34 #209 Yes, Judge. Marty, he isn't a bad boy.

00:16:39 #210 I wish you could have seen him before he started this poison.

00:16:44 #211 He always made good grades at schools.

00:16:48 #212 He was doing so well at Mr. Boston's grocery.

00:16:53 #213 Judge, he's a good boy.

00:16:56 #214 I understand. Demelon,

00:16:59 #215 I believe you acquired the drug habit through ignorance.

00:17:02 #216 If you knew then what you know now,

00:17:04 #217 you probably never would have touched that first marijuana cigarette.

00:17:08 #218 Well, there's no way of undoing it now.

00:17:11 #219 I'm going to sentence you to one year in the municipal jail.

00:17:15 #220 However, I'll suspend sentence if you're willing to be committed

00:17:19 #221 to a hospital for the treatment of drug addicts

00:17:21 #222 and stay there until medically discharged.

00:17:23 #223 You mean to try to kick the habit?

00:17:25 #224 That's right.

00:17:26 #225 They know how to get you over the physical dependence with the least amount of withdrawal sickness.

00:17:32 #226 Do you agree?

00:17:33 #227 It's already addicted to drugs.

00:17:43 #228 The first step in rehabilitation must be commitment to a hospital where they will be under medical guidance.

00:17:50 #229 For the addict willing to be committed or sent by the courts, there are federally operated hospitals.

00:17:56 #230 Adequate local hospitals would help to cope with this problem.

00:18:00 #231 The treatment itself lasts for months, but withdrawing the drug, a major problem,

00:18:07 #232 is helping the addict achieve a workable psychological adjustment to life,

00:18:12 #233 a life which doesn't include drugs.

00:18:15 #234 It's a difficult procedure.

00:18:17 #235 No hospital, no doctor can be sure of success in trying to change long-time attitudes.

00:18:24 #236 Back in his old haunts, the former addict still finds himself shunned

00:18:29 #237 by all but the addicts and peddlers who were his associates before.

00:18:33 #238 For effective treatment, there must be a long-term community-wide program

00:18:38 #239 to help the former addict and his family make an adjustment.

00:18:42 #240 Be it, Duke. I want no part of you.

00:18:44 #241 Don't be a square. What's it getting you?

00:18:46 #242 I don't know yet, Duke. I took plenty to kick the habit.

00:18:49 #243 It's my chance that I'm taking it.

00:18:50 #244 Your chance? You ain't got no chance.

00:18:53 #245 You're just a junkie to everybody around here.

00:18:55 #246 around here and all I know but they helped me get a job in here and they went to

00:18:59 #247 see my and the doctor says that if I'm what is he know listen I'm telling you

00:19:04 #248 I'll cut it against such pressures local outpatient clinics social agencies the

00:19:11 #249 church all are needed if drug addicts are to adjust to a new life without

00:19:17 #250 intensive effort by all community forces very few drug addicts can ever

00:19:21 #251 expect to return to a normal, useful life in society.

00:19:25 #252 It is important in the overall problem of drug addiction to do everything possible to stop the sale of the drugs.

00:19:34 #253 One step would be to increase the staff of enforcement agencies, not only federal, but state and municipal agencies too.

00:19:42 #254 Criminal syndicates might give up drug traffic entirely if nationwide laws provided for stringent penalties to counteract the tremendous profits.

00:19:51 #255 And if these laws were energetically enforced.

00:19:55 #256 Certainly such laws would restrict the actions of non-addict peddlers like Louis Legty and make it harder for him to reach his victims.

00:20:05 #257 Basic to everything else is a wider knowledge, especially among young people of the grave danger involved in any kind of experimentation with them.

00:20:14 #258 drugs. They should understand the thoughtless curiosity about what it feels like to smoke marijuana or take a shot of heroin

00:20:22 #259 can lead to a lifetime of pain and torment constantly faced by the horror of being without drugs.

00:20:29 #260 Much can be done to stamp out his vitas if each person who knows of a drug peddler or a drug addict reports him to the authorities immediately

00:20:38 #261 immediately as a deadly menace to himself and his friends. For every person must

00:20:48 #262 take some of the responsibility for preventing the growth of drug addiction.

00:20:52 #263 He must face the possibility that he himself may be a potential drug addict.

00:20:57 #264 Only by avoiding these drugs completely can he be sure that he will remain

00:21:03 #265 forever safe from a vicious habit which enslaves not only one's body but

00:21:08 #266 the soul as well.